Scenario

A first server synchronize time from a pool of NTP servers and work as local NTP server, the second server (Domain Controller PDC Emulator) synchronize from the first server with NTP protocol and all domain controllers synchronize from the second server (Domain Controller PDC Emulator) of the forest with NT5DS protocol.

Solutions and workaround

(NTP) Network Time Protocol TCP/UDP 123

Configuration Windows Time Service on Local Time Server

1. Stop “Windows Time” service
2. Unregister server to delete all configurations
3. Register service to recreate registry keys
4. Start “Windows Time” service
5. Config ntp pool
6. Update config
7. Verify registry keys
8. Restart services
9. Force resync

net stop w32time
w32tm /unregister
w32tm /register
net start w32time
W32tm /config /manualpeerlist:europe.pool.ntp.org,0x1 /syncfromflags:manual
w32tm /config /update
net stop w32time && net start w32time
w32tm /resync 

Registry keys

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\Parameters]
"Type"="NTP"
"NtpServer"="europe.pool.ntp.org,0x1"
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\TimeProviders\NtpClient]
"Enabled"=dword:00000001
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\TimeProviders\NtpServer]
"Enabled"=dword:00000001

Configuration Windows Time Service on PDC Emulator (Domain Controller)

1. Stop “Windows Time” service
2. Unregister server to delete all configurations
3. Register service to recreate registry keys
4. Start “Windows Time” service
5. Config ntp pool
6. Update config
7. Verify registry keys
8. Restart services
9. Force resync

net stop w32tim
w32tm /unregister
w32tm /register
net start w32time
w32tm /config /manualpeerlist:MyCentralTimeServer,0x1 /syncfromflags:manual /reliable:yes
w32tm /config /update
net stop w32time && net start w32time
w32tm /resync

Registry keys

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\Config]
"UpdateInterval"=dword:00000064
"AnnounceFlags"=dword:00000005
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\Parameters]
"Type"="NTP"
"NtpServer"="wjetag-sproxy.eu.wj.ms.lvmh,0x1"
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\TimeProviders\NtpClient]
"Enabled"=dword:00000001
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\w32time\TimeProviders\NtpServer]
"Enabled"=dword:00000001

References

123 TCP UDP Network Time Protocol (NTP) RFC 2030.
NTP Pool Time Servers List
KB875424 Time synchronization may not succeed when you try to synchronize with a non-Windows NTP server in Windows Server 2003
KB216734 How to configure an authoritative time server in Windows 2000
KB884776 How to configure the Windows Time service against a large time offset
KB816042 How to configure an authoritative time server in Windows Server